Középszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – feladatok – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Pótló Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – feladatok – megoldás -megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Emelt szint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – feladatok – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

2010. októberi érettségi írásbeli feladatok és javítási-értékelési útmutatók

Középszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – feladatok – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Emelt szint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – feladatok – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

A szabályok:

• szólj hozzá a cikkhez, bármilyen hozzászólás megteszi
• csak egyszer vehetsz részt a játékban. Ha többször kommentelsz, automatikusan kizárunk. (Igen, vannak robotjaink, akik kiszűrik, hogy kik próbálkoznak többször)
• a csupa nagybetűs, káromkodó és spam hozzászólókat töröljük és kizárjuk!
• lehetőleg csak azok jelentkezzenek, akik ténylegesen érettségire készülnek fel. Szerintünk ez magától értetődő
• a nyertesek véletlenszerűen lesznek kiválasztva. Ketten egy “Érettségi feladatsorok angol nyelvből + megoldások magyarázattal és CD-vel”  c. könyvet kapnak
• ha nyertél, e-mailben értesítünk. A szerencséseknek 3 napon belül vissza kell jelezniük, ha ezt nem teszik, akkor új nyertes lesz kiválasztva
• a hozzászólásokat jövőhét vasárnap, 2010. Március 14. éjfélig lehet beküldeni. Sok szerencsét!
• játékkal kapcsolatos további szabályok itt találhatóak

A könyv:

Érettségi Feladatsorok Angol Nyelvből + megoldások

A kétszintű érettségire való felkészülésben nyújt segítséget emelt és középszinten nemcsak a leendő vizsgázóknak, hanem a pedagógusoknak is.

Középszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Emeltszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

2009. október-november érettségi írásbeli feladatok és javítási-értékelési útmutatók

Középszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Emeltszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Középszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Emeltszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

2008. október-november érettségi írásbeli feladatok és javítási-értékelési útmutatók

Középszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Emeltszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Középszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Emeltszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

2007. október-november érettségi írásbeli feladatok és javítási-értékelési útmutatók

Középszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Emeltszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Középszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Emeltszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap - MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

2005. október-novemberi érettségi írásbeli feladatok és javítási-értékelési útmutatók

Középszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

Emeltszint

• Magyar Nyelv és Irodalom Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Történelem Érettségi Feladatlap - megoldás
• Matematika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Angol Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Német Érettségi Feladatlap – MP3 – megoldás
• Biológia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Fizika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Földrajz Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás
• Informatika Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás – megoldott feladatok
• Kémia Érettségi Feladatlap – megoldás

The British Isles is the name given to England, Scotland, Wales and the whole of Ireland in the geography books. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the UK) is the name of the land the Queen reigns over. Southern Ireland is independent of the UK. Great Britain is surrounded by the Atlantic-ocean. The highest mountains are in Scotland and Wales: Ben Nevis and Snowdon. The south coast has a mild and sunny climate which makes it popular with both holiday-makers and the elderly. The east coast is flat and it is dominated by agriculture.

England occupies about 244,100 square kilometres area. Its population is 57 million and currency is Pound Sterling (£, font). The capital is London and the spoken languages are English and Welsh.

Britain has a two-party system of the Labour and the Conservative Party. The governmental model that has been operating in Britain since 1688 is called Constitutional Monarchy. This means that it has a monarch (king, queen) as the Head of State. The monarch has very little power and can only reign with the support of Parliament. Parliament consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. There were several well-known prime minister in the UK. Margaret Thatcher was the first woman Prime Minister. John Major, Tony Blair, Gordon Brown is the current one. Queen Elizabeth II. has been reigning in the country for more than 50 years. Her son, Charles is going to succeed her.  In 1990 John Major was elected as PM, he had a very successful European policy and adopted a more compromising attitude.

British people watch a lot of television and also said to be the world’s most dedicated home-video users. This doesn’t mean that they’ve given up reading. In Britain more papers are sold than in any other country in the world. Some of these people have the reputation of being shy and reserved with strangers. But others are extroverts and talk to anybody. British people don’t like answering personal questions about their private lives. You must never ask them how mush money they earn, or how old they are. Everybody knows that all Englishmen wear bowler hats, pinstripe suits and carry umbrellas; Scotsmen are mean, hate spending money and drink whisky all day long; Welshmen do nothing play rugby and sing (and some British people tell jokes about Irish). Interestingly enough, the English drive on the left. Tourists must be very careful if they want to drive and walk in England. It is difficult to get used to their traffic. What’s more, the steering wheel of their cars is on the right side.

(Several peoples tried to invade England and its other territories. Celts, Romans, Anglo-Saxons and Vikings all endeavored to conquer all the country. A Norman man, William the Conqueror was the first king to be crowned in 1066.  In 1666 there was a fire which destroyed more than half the city of London including the old St. Paul’s Cathedral.)

Regions

Scotland

There are three large geographical areas in Scotland: the Highlands, the Lowlands and the Islands, 5 million people live in Scotland. Edinburgh is the capital; Glasgow is the chief industrial and commercial city. Places to visit:

-         The Edinburgh Festival – for music and drama

-         Loch Ness – to catch a glimpse of the monster?

England

-         Hadrian’s Wall – named after the Roman Emperor Hadrian – was completed in the 2^nd century. It is huge fortification all along the Scottish border.

-         The Lake District – an area of mountains and lakes which looks larger than it really is. It has dramatic, romantic scenery.

-         Stratford-on-Avon – the birthplace and burial place of William Shakespeare. The Royal Shakespeare Company plays here at the Festival Theatre as well as in London.

-         Stonehenge (it is made of stones, the great circle of standing stones is believed to have had some religious or astronomical purpose)

-         Windsor – the town on the River Thames. Its castle is a royal residence.

-         Eton – close to Windsor. The famous public school here was founded in 1440.

-         Canterbury – the cathedral and the residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury, who is the religious head of the Church of England.

-         Oxford and Cambridge – the famous (and the oldest) university towns in Britain.

The Sights of London

-         The Tower of London (an ancient fortress; to play an important part in British history; to serve as a palace and a prison; to be a museum; crown jewels; to be guarded by beefeaters), raven (holló)

-         Buckingham Palace (residence of the queen; changing of the guard at 11:30)

-         Westminster Abbey (to contain tombs and monuments of famous Britons; to be the scene of coronations and royal weddings)

-         Houses of Parliament (to have parliamentary sessions; a flag on Victoria Tower; Clock Tower – Big Ben), House of Lords, House of Commons

-         ST. Paul’s Cathedral (second largest dome in the world; built by Sir Christopher Wren in the 17^th century)

-         Trafalgar Square (heart of London; fountains and pigeons; Nelson’s Column (Nelson was an admiral, who defeated Napoleon’s troops in a battle at Waterloo ; The National Gallery)

-         The Monument (to commemorate the Great Fire of London in 1666)

-         Downing Street No. 10. (residence of the Prime Minister; Gordon Brown,  to be guarded all day)

-         Famous bridges: Westminster Bridge, Tower Bridge

-         Famous museums: The British Museum, The New London Museum, Tate Gallery, Victoria and Albert Museum

-         Madame Tussaud’s Waxworks (in Baker Street, famous people, politicians, actors… in waxwork)

Wales

The capital is Cardiff. There are 2.9 million inhabitants in Wales. The highest number live in the industrial areas of South Wales. There is a Welsh language. Welsh folklore and language strengthen each other. Every year a national festival of traditional poetry and music is held. It’s called the “Eisteddfod”.

Northern Ireland

The country’s capital is Belfast. It is a land of lakes, rivers and a varied sea coast. It is a great place for outdoor sports and for tourism – when times are peaceful. Above all, the Northern Irish people are friendly and generous.

• The most well-known festivals in England

14^th February: It’s St Valentine’s Day; many people send a card to the one they love or someone whom they have fallen in love with. People usually do not sign these cards and a lot of time is spent trying to guess who has sent them.

31^st October: Hallowe’en means ‘holy evening’ and takes place on 31^st October. Although it is a much more important festival in the United States than Britain, it is celebrated by many people in the UK. It is particularly connected with witches and ghosts. At parties people dress up in strange costumes and pretend they are witches. They cut horrible faces in potatoes and other vegetables and put a candle inside, which shines through the eyes. People may play difficult games such as trying to eat an apple from a bucket of water without using their hands. In recent years children dressed in white sheets knock on doors at Hallowe’en and ask if you would like a ‘trick’ or ‘treat’ (csokit vagy csalunk). If you give them something nice, a ‘treat’, they go away. However, if you don’t they play a ‘trick’ on you, such as making a lot of noise or spilling flour on your front doorstep.

5^th November (Guy Fawkes Day): In 1605 King James I was on the throne. As a Protestant, he was very unpopular with Roman Catholics. Some of them planned to blow up the Houses of Parliament on 5^th November of that year, when the King was going to open Parliament. Under the House of Lords they had stored thirty six barrels of gun powder, which were to be exploded by a man called Guy Fawkes. However one of the plotters spoke about these plans and Fawkes was discovered, arrested and later hanged. Since that day the British traditionally celebrate 5^th November by burning a dummy, made of straw and old clothes, on a bonfire, whilst at the same time letting off fireworks. This dummy is called a ‘guy’ and children can often be seen on the pavements before 5^th November saying, ‘Penny for the guy’. If they collect enough money they can buy some fireworks.

(Blow up – explode; Carol – a Christmas hymn; Dummy – an object made to look like a real person; Hanged -killed by hanging from a rope tied round the neck; Public holiday – a day when nobody goes to work; Witch – a woman who uses magic)

Regions

- Alföld, the Great Hungarian Plain

- Transdanubia:

-         Western Hungary (Kisalföld, the Little Hungarian Plain )

-         Southern Transdanubia

-         Central Transdanubia and Lake Balaton

- Northern Hungary

On the north Hungary is bordered by the Czech and Slovak Republic, on the north-east by the Ukraine, on the east Romania, on the south by Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia while on the west the country borders on Austria. The official language of Hungary is Hungarian, but quite a few other languages are spoken as native languages by the several ethnic minorities living near the country’s borders. These are German and the Slavonic language spoken in the countries around us.

• The Hungarian Republic was proclaimed on (the) 23^rd (of) October, (in) 1989. Soon afterwards the ruling (then the only) party split up and new parties were formed. In the parliamentary elections held in March and April 1990, six parties received enough votes to be represented in Parliament. The president of the most successful party, the Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) formed a coalition government in May 1990. This meant the end of a forty-year-long totalitarian system in Hungary and pullout of the Soviet troops. People began to feel free as they realised that their minds were no longer manipulated centrally and they were allowed to join any political party or movement they sympathised with.

There are 4 parties in the Hungarian Parliament. The MDF (see above) and the Young Democratic Federation belong to the opposition. The Hungarian Socialist Party and the Alliance of Free Democrats have been making up the government since the last election. The supreme power is vested in the Parliament whose members are elected for four years. Since Hungary became a parliamentary democracy, the Parliament has been in session almost continually, MPs work there, sometimes more days a week. There are constant debates and heated discussions whenever the government is trying to push a bill through, unlike a few years ago when everything was accepted by a unanimous vote.

• Tourism also plays an important role in our economy as millions of tourists come to Hungary from year to year. I think one reason for so many tourists coming to our country is the hospitality of the Hungarians. Besides, the Carpathian Basin is at cross-roads for the traveller from north to south, from east to west. Hungary also has various tourist attractions. Visitors can enjoy the wonderful sights of Budapest, relax on one of the numerous beaches of Lake Balaton, go and see the lovely Hungarian villages where traditions of folk art are preserved and treasured or visit some of the smaller but beautiful towns like Veszprém, Kőszeg, Eger or Szentendre. The can go for outings to the romantic ‘Puszta’, the Great Hungarian Plain, where they can see the famous Hungarian stud farms. Hungary has a lively cultural life. The most popular cultural events attended by a lot of tourists seem to be the open-air summer festivals held in different towns, such as the Szeged Open-air Festival, the Sopron Festival Weeks, the Szentendre Summer or the Veszprém Castle Concerts while in spring the greatest event is the Budapest Spring Festival. Apart from festivals, the Opera House, concert halls, open-air theatres and museums are also visited by a lot of tourists who are genuinely interested in the cultural life of the country.
• To introduce Budapest to a tourist from abroad I would tell him some historical and geographical data about the Hungarian capital: 2000 years ago the Romans called this settlement Aquincum that is ‘the city of waters’ because there were and still there are a lot of hot water springs and medicinal baths in this region. Real urbanisation began in the fifteenth century when under the rule of Sigismund of Luxemburg the royal castle on the Buda hills was built. The later centuries, especially the nineteenth century saw the flourishing of Pest lying on the other side of the River Danube. Today Budapest is a busy metropolis with a population of 2 million people. The city is extremely rich in historical and cultural monuments, works of art and natural beauties.

If you have a foreign guest you have to show him/her the Castle District with the Matthias Church, the Fisherman’s Bastion and Szécsenyi National Library in the Royal Castle. Looking over the river Danube there is Europe’s most beautiful House of Parliament. In the middle of the Heroes’ Square there is a one hundred and eighteen foot high column with the Archangel Gabriel on the top. At one side of the square there is the Museum of Fine Arts where you can see wonderful pictures. The other important museum is the National Museum, where the Revolution and War of Independence started on 15^th March, 1848. The Opera House designed by Miklós Ybl is as famous as the Opera House in Vienna. The building was renovated recently so it is much nicer now. If you want to see elegant clothes and all kinds of people from different nationalities you have to go to Váci Street, the pedestrian zone and at the end of the street the Vörösmarty Square with the famous Café Gerbaud. St. Stephen’s Basilica is the second centre of Christianity in Hungary after the Basilica of Esztergom. Margaret Island is a perfect place for recreation. You can take long walks, admire the beautiful flowers and trees there and you can go for a swim there. The Gellért Spa Bath, Szécsenyi Bath, the Király and Rudas Baths are world famous and you can feel artistic atmosphere, too. Among the nine bridges famous ones are: the Chain Bridge built and designed by Adam Clark. At the bottom of the bridge there are the beautiful lions. The bridge joins the Pest side with the Gellért hill. The other bridge is the Elizabeth Bridge, the first suspension bridge. Liberty bridge has at one foot of it the technical university and at the other foot is the market-hall.

The Sights of Budapest

Castle Hill

-         King Béla IV. – fortification – XIII.^th century

-         King Sigismund – royal palace – XV.^th century

-         Coronation Church

-         Fishermen’s Bastion

-         Hilton Hotel

Gellért Hill

-         Citadel – to have a nice view of the city and the bridges spanning the Danube

-         Statue of St. Gellért

-         Statue of Liberty

Margaret Island

-         to be named after Princess Margaret, daughter of King Béla IV.

-         to be the ‘park’ of Budapest

-         the best place for trips and recreation

Heroes’ square

-         Millinary Monument (to commemorate the 1000^th anniversary of the founding of Hungary)

-         to be surrounded by a colonnade

-         statues of the great rulers and leaders of Hungarian history

City Park

-         artificial lake (to row in summer, to skate in winter)

-         Vajdahunyad Castle (a mixture of architectural styles)

-         Zoo and Botanical Gardens

-         Fun Fair

-         Municipal Grand Circus

Museums

-         Aquincum Museum

-         Castle Museum

-         Museum of War History

-         Museum of Fine Arts (painting, sculpture and graphic collection by European masters)

-         Hungarian National Gallery (large collection of Hungarian works of fine arts)

-         Hungarian National Museum (exhibitions on Hungarian history and natural science) (Hungarian crown jewels)

• Sopron is located on the west border of Hungary and is famous for its faithfulness. If you are there you have to go to Orsolya Square, to the Fire Tower and to Szécsenyi Square and to the Fő/main Square. If you go to Pannonhalma Abbey you are visiting the first church in Hungary. In Tihany Abbey you can find the deed of foundation, in which are the first written Hungarian words. Other evidence of our religious life is the church of Ják, Zsámbék and Debrecen and the Basilica of Esztergom. There are many castles in our country and there used to be many more before World War I. because Hungary played a very important part in protecting Europe against invadors. The following castles are worth seeing: the castles of Tata, Csesznek, Sárvár, Veszprém, Siklós, Eger and Diósgyőr. Palace of Keszthely is famous for the Festetics family who helped the agricultural and cultural life of Hungary. They also established the agricultural university and the foundation of the museum there. The palace of Fertőd used to belong to Esterházy Family, which is a great Hungarian political, cultural family again. Arts have always played a great role in their lives. Haydn used to be their family musician.

Hungarian folk art is world famous. It is true for craftwork, our folksongs, gipsy music and clothing. The Embroidery of Kalocsa, Mezőkövesd and Matyo embroidery are popular and a lot of foreigners buy embroidered things for presents. If we talk about folk arts we shouldn’t forget horses. Our forefathers conquered the territory on horseback. If you go to Hortobágy or Bugac you will see famous stud farms there. There are university towns and cities in Hungary like Pécs, Szeged, Debrecen, Győr and of course Budapest. If you are in Pécs you should go to see the Synagogue, the Minaret and the Barbican. If you are in Szeged you should visit Cathedral Square and from the city you can go to Ópusztaszer, where our nation is celebrated there with Festy cyclorama. Among our natural beauties we have to mention the Mátra hills, Aggtelek Stalactite Caves, Őrség, Danube bend and Hortobágy puszta.

20^th August is the festival of foundation of our state. Saint Stephen’s Day is celebrated everywhere. There are different ceremonies, programmes and fireworks in the evening all over the country. We shouldn’t forget that it is the festival of new bread. Every year the Flower Festival is organized in Debrecen. It is always gorgeous but the festival itself is danger because it costs a lot of money. 23^rd October is the holiday of Declaration of the Hungarian Republic in 1989. The revolution against communism and the Soviet rule started on 23^rd October in 1956.

Some cultural events in our country: the Kapolcs festival has been organized for ten years. It is famous for performing different plays and there is folk art fair, too. Győr is also famous for its International Cultural Summer Festival and Spring Festival. In summer opera singers, actors and directors want to perform their plays in the Szeged Open Air Theatre. They have to prepare and enter for the programmes well in advance. The Water-Music-Flower Festival in Tata is both a cultural and entertaining event and people like to go there to have fun. Some people say that the events of Pepsi Island are wonderful and they not only have fun but they learn a lot of new things. Others accuse the islands of vandalism and being noisy and aggressive behaviour. The fact is that is taken place for ten years now and it attracts a lot of young people. Hungary is said to be a great wine producer. Our climate and geographical position are very good for grape growing and producing wine. Hungarian people celebrate wine e.g. during the week of Wine Week of Badacsony, with the Vintage Parade and Vintage and Folk Art Fair in Badacsony, Wine Weeks in Balatonfüred, in Szépasszonyvölgy the Festival of Eger and Sopron Festival Weeks. You must have heard of the “busójárás , the so called Mardi Gras procession” in Mohács. At the end of winter, on the last Sunday of Carnival people walk along the streets wearing funny masks, sometimes animal heads and they make an awful noise to drive out winter and greet spring. It also symbolizes the driving out of the Turks.

One of the internationally well-known sport events is Formula 1. in the Hungaroring, in Mogyoród. Popular and famous drivers come here from all over the world and police has to guarantee their and everybody’s safety. People have to buy tickets well beforehand and they cost a lot of money. Enterprises can make a good profit there.

Public and traditional holidays in Hungary

15^th March (the fifteenth of March)

We commemorate the Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence of eighteen-forty-eight and fourty-nine. We wear ‘kokárda’ (national sign, emblem)” on this day on the left side of our suit or coat where our heart is.

1^st May (the first of May – Labour Day)

It is a spring holiday when maypoles are put up in gardens. The beer and the Vienna sausage occur to me about this public holiday mostly. Lots of interesting programmes are usually held and a board is stood upright, too.

20^th August (the twentieth of August)

It is the day of Stephan the first. On this day we commemorate the founding of our state almost a thousand years ago. This is the day of new bread.

23^rd October (the twenty-third of October)

We celebrate the declaration of the Hungarian Republic and commemorate the revolution of nineteen-fifty-six.

England has a maritime climate, which means that the weather is very wet and rainy there. It is usually very changeable and it is difficult to forecast with certainty even for a day. It is damp and not too cold all times of the year. It rarely snows and if it does, it melts when it reaches the ground. Summers are cool and damp too. Possibly because it is so unpredictable, English people are always prepared to discuss the weather.

Spring weather Summer weather

slight breeze                                                         to perspire/sweat (izzadni)

it begins to thaw                                                   to rain cats and dogs

there are avalanches in the mountains                    to get soaked to the skin

to be struck by lightning

Autumn weather Winter weather

it is wretched/rotten                                              to have subzero temp.

to have chilly weather                                           there is a blizzard

to drizzle, rain, pour, sleet                                     a snowflake

It is misty, foggy

humid, wet, damp

to reach gale force

• There has been more and more damage to the environment since the increase of the world’s population and industry. I have heard of air, water and soil pollution. In general, the larger the city the higher the degree of air pollution, which is caused mainly by factories or by fumes from cars and from other means of transport. Even rivers are dirtier in a city than in the country. All types of pollution can be very dangerous for plants and animals as well as for human health. This is why we must avoid polluting our environment in any way. Acid rain is caused by air pollution. Vehicle pollution mainly in urban areas can be dangerous. Floods are caused by cutting down trees. Grass and undergrowth and shrubs aren’t able to hold humidity. Rain is joined by melted snow water and evaporation is also slow. If people cut down woods there is a big amount of water, which runs down quickly and there is nothing that can slow down the speed of it. Soil is also washed away so people cannot plant in the usual way. The other reason for floods is global warming. Ice in North Pole melts so another large of water appears in the seas and ocean. Air becomes humid so more rain falls. The other consequence of warming up is that seasons are changing all the time. There are heavy rains and a lot of snow where there didn’t use to be. (like snow in Florida). There was the winter flood in the east part of Hungary in 2001 and 2002. The water was not only cold but it ruined a lot of houses. In the summer of 2002 there were serious floods all over Europe. France, Germany, the Czech Republic and Hungary suffered the biggest damages from the floods. Some people even died. Polluted rivers flow into the oceans and seas so they poison wild life plants and animals. So species die out. Originally waters of rivers, oceans and seas clean themselves but if a lot of alga appears on the surface of the water it is not able to do so. There are disasters on waters, too. Ships and boats are wrecked and they may sink. If tankers sink, oil gets into the water and disaster can happen in a few days. Oil can get on and among the feather of birds, on the skin of seals and whales and other animals. These living creatures aren’t able to fly or swim and not able to escape if it’s needed. Oil can get into their stomachs. Different chemicals have damaged the ozone layer. Since mainly the 1950s people have used more and more oil and natural gas. Since the 1970s and 1990s we use 60 percent more energy. So all of these factures cause the green-house effect, which have led to an increase in temperature levels. Cutting down forests also “helps” the problem. Humid jungles absorbed carbon-dioxide and produce oxygen. Developed countries realized the danger. So they started to develop rules on protecting the environment. Because of the very hot, dry summers fires often occur in different places like fields, woods and in bushes. These can occur not only relatively small areas but also in huge territories. Fire-brigades rush to the spot; they try to put out fire with water or appropriate chemicals as soon as possible. Helicopters are often in action. They spray the inoculators from above. If there is strong wind it makes the work more difficult. It often takes days or even weeks to put out fires and of course rains help. An economic reactor exploded in Chernobyl in 1986 spreading a radioactive cloud of dust mainly in Europe. This has been the most dangerous event in the history of nuclear power production. Since then there have been more and more demonstrations against nuclear power. The Greens are people who try to protect environment either with legal and illegal actions. They are known to have tied themselves onto e.g. rails, which is really illegal and very dangerous. But they also table bills in Parliament. Volcanoes sometimes erupt without any reason. Although, the environment regenerates itself with it, they destroy spacious forests and spread volcanic ash all around. In fact, there mostly used to happen several times. Lots of cinema films created about famous volcanoes erupting like Etna, Vesuvius, and St. Helen. Earthquakes are caused by seismic waves.
• There are more and more steps being taken in our country to enable everyday people to be environmentally friendly. The state itself tries to persuade citizens to recycle. If you pay for having your rubbish taken away, you have to pay less if there is less rubbish in your dustbin. When these dustbins were introduced it was strange to use them but nowadays it is and everyday event. In Hungary there are different colors of dustbins at more and more local housing estate. We should collect our rubbishes separately e.g. glasses, paper, plastic, dangerous litters etc. Certainly you mustn’t throw away any litters where you are warned by noticing “no dumping!” The first thing I can do is that I don’t litter the streets, but try to put the rubbish into the dustbin. Hopefully, I find one when I need it. Our household could also select waste. There’s a selective waste collection in the area where I live. I also pay attention to buying products which have been recycled and I always ask the shop assistants not to put the products into plastic bags for me. I rather put them into a box or a carrier bag.

We’ve been using some light bulbs in our flat since their prices were payable. In addition to it, my dad always warns us not to leave the light switched on if we aren’t in the room. At my workplace we have some air-conditioners but we only use them if needed because of their consumption (so as to save more energy). Unfortunately, I have a bad habit from which I try to give up. I can’t help turning on both my PC and my TV. However, I also know that no one is able to watch both of them at the same time.

The importance of learning languages

-         to talk freely to each other about business, politics, culture, hobbies, sport

-         to promote friendship and understanding among people

-         to establish ties with other nations

-         to make friends / to correspond

-         the learn about other people’s culture, way of life

-         the read authors in the original

-         to understand foreign TV channels

-         to be better informed about the world

-         to make oneself understood while travelling

-         to have more chances to travel on business

-         to get a scholarship, to go abroad to study

-         to read scientific articles

-         to keep abreast of the latest discoveries and inventions (or of your colleagues)

-         to have an all-around education

• First of all you can learn English/German at school, both in primary and secondary school or even at university. If you are not a student any more you can go to a course and get as many as four to ten English lessons a week. In bigger towns there are courses for all levels: beginner, intermediate and advanced. These courses are usually cheaper than the ones offered by private teachers, from whom you can get one-to-one tuition if you wish. The idea of self-study is favoured by some of those who think that a language can be enquired alone without the help of an expert teacher.

Most satellite channels offer English/German speaking programmes and there are quite a few language teaching programmes on Hungarian TV too. The CNN always broadcasts so I watch the news whenever I can. It helps me to learn the language and get interesting information about the world. I often watch American movies by original language and enjoy the casts beautiful pronunciation and intonation. The more I listen to the English broadcasts/films the more I am able to catch and grasp, I think. You can get the leading English and American newspapers at the post offices and there is a daily called ‘Daily News’, which covers the latest Hungarian and foreign news in English and German. Besides you can buy/subscribe different dailies. They can all help you to master this language if you read them regularly and don’t give up after the first hardships.

I’m studying English so that I can communicate with people from different parts of the world and I must be able to have my knowledge for my work in the future. In fact by far the most essential reason why I began to study was that wherever I went everybody always said to me ‘I had got the intermediate level certificate; it was easy to pass. Why don’t you have it?’ and it made me nervous. Then I’ve decided to obtain at least the intermediate level in English. And whatever will be I would achieve/accomplish my purpose. In addition to it, if I should lose my present job I must be communicating English in a job interview. There is no problem today if someone can speak a foreign language. You are demanded to speak at any level by almost every company mostly if it is needed for your work. If you speak a world language you can make friends during your travels and even through letters by corresponding with boys and girls from other countries. Your possibilities in your life are much wider. I am no longer considered to be an educated person without the knowledge of at least one foreign language. The most widely taught language in Hungary is German. There is no school, let it be primary or secondary without at least one or two teachers of German. In my opinion English has become more important than German recently in the world though. It is quite popular, especially among youngsters. When a child reaches the age of 8 and enters the third year of primary school, he/she starts studying a foreign language. The child is offered a choice which is usually between German and English. Children can even specialise in either of them if they wish and can get more than the average number of lessons a week in the chosen language.

In most secondary schools a choice of three or four, sometimes even five foreign languages is offered to the pupils. These languages are German, English, French, Italian, Spanish and perhaps Russian or Latin. As for me, the teaching of English isn’t enough efficient in Hungarian secondary schools. It is impossible to acquire a language in three 45-minute periods a week with twenty to thirty students in a group. There is also a lack of English teachers in most schools now that western languages have become prevalent instead of Russian. Some schools are in short of teaching aids such as cassette players, videos or photocopies. However, there are such pupils between 14 and 18 who manage to pass the intermediate level state language exam. In fact, it is worth passing this exam because you can get easily into university.

• I’m used to using my mobile phone every day. I take it everywhere except the bathroom or the toilet. It is good that I can be reached any time. Today you can’t be without it, I think. There are so many interesting things you can do with a mobile phone. Besides the original function of making a phone call, you can send short messages and even pictures to your friends. There are games on the phone, so I just can’t get bored. Most mobile phones even have Internet access, however, the speed of the connection has not been satisfactory yet. Still, you can always check what’s on the cinema, the result of a football team’s match and the weather forecast. A lot of people say that a cell phone damages your brain, but a certain headset is available for it.
• I think the greatest invention of our times was the invention of computers. Here in Hungary we used them for about twenty years. Today computers are easy to carry not to talk about laptops. We rely on them so much that it is hard to imagine life without a PC. Obviously, it has made our lives more comfortable, because a lot of things have become more easily accessible this way. A few decades ago people struggled to produce readable handwriting, but now the struggle is about typing. It is true, however, that comforts have brought about laziness and carelessness, too. Now e.g. we don’t have to pay attention to spelling correctly because the spell check program on the computer is able to correct the mistakes you make. Computers have changed our lives in several ways. They have made people become less interested in real things. They prefer living in a virtual reality, which is sometimes far from the truth. It seems to me that people are afraid of revealing their real selves and always want to be someone else, which can be done with the help of the Internet. I don’t really like these changes, because this way we will lose our identities and will be indifferent to others.  I’ve got a personal computer at home. I quickly became a fan, but I have not become an addict. My parents are quite strict about how much time I spend in front of the screen. I’ve been using it for long years and I even do my work with it. We had the Internet connected up years ago and what’s more my dad owns a PC with net too. Everyday I find new and interesting things on the worldwide web. I can chat with my friends or I can play games with people from all over the world.

Készítette:  Somogyi Péter – somogyi.p@ajkanet.hu